QUESTION 31
Company T is a listed company in the retail sector.
Its current profit before interest and taxation is $5 million.
This level of profit is forecast to be maintainable in future.
Company T has a 10% corporate bond in issue with a nominal value of $10 million.
This currently trades at 90% of its nominal value.
Corporate tax is paid at 20%.
The following information is available:

Which of the following is a reasonable expectation of the equity value in the event of an attempted takeover?

QUESTION 32
A company intends to sell one of its business units, Company R by a management buyout (MBO).
A selling price of $100 million has been agreed.
The managers are discussing with a bank and a venture capital company (VCC) the following financing proposal:
The VCC requires a minimum return on its equity investment in the MBO of 30% a year on a compound basis over 5 years.
What is the minimum TOTAL equity value of Company R in 5 years time in order to meet the VCC’s required return?
Give your answer to one decimal place.
$ ? million

QUESTION 33
The primary objective of a public sector entity is to ensure value for money is generated.
Value for money is defined as performing an activity so as to simultaneously achieve economy, efficiency and effectiveness Efficiency is defined as:

QUESTION 34
Z wishes to borrow at a floating rate and has been told that it can use swaps to reduce the effective interest rate it pays. Z can borrow floating at Libor ‘ 1, and fixed at 10%.
Which of the following companies would be the most appropriate for Z to enter into a swap with?

QUESTION 35
A venture capitalist invests in a company by means of buying:
* 9 million shares for $2 a share and
* 8% bonds with a nominal value of $2 million, repayable at par in 3 years’ time.
The venture capitalist expects a return on the equity portion of the investment of at least 20% a year on a compound basis over the first 3 years of the investment.
The company has 10 million shares in issue.
What is the minimum total equity value for the company in 3 years’ time required to satisify the venture capitalist’s expected return?
Give your answer to the nearest $ million.
$ million.

QUESTION 36
Two companies that operate in the same industry have different Price/Earnings (P/E) ratios as follows:
Which of the following is the most likely explanation of the different P/E ratios?

QUESTION 37
A company based in Country A with the A$ as its functional currency requires A$500 million 20-year debt finance to finance a long-term investment The company has a high credit rating, but has not previously issued corporate bonds which are listed on the stock exchange Which THREE of the following are advantages of issuing 20 year bonds compared with simply borrowing for a 20 year period?

QUESTION 38
A company has forecast the following results for the next financial year:
The following is also relevant:
* Profit after tax for the year can be assumed to be equivalent to free cash flow for the year.
* Debt finance comprises a $10 million floating rate loan which currently carries an interest rate of 5%.
* $400,000 investment in non-current assets is required to achieve required growth, all of which is to financed from next year’s free cash flow.
* The company plans to pay a dividend of $150,000 next year, financed from next year’s free cash flow.
The company is concerned that interest rates could rise next year to 6% which could then affect their investment plans.

If interest rates were to rise to 6% and the company wishes to maintain its dividend amount, the planned investment expenditure will decrease by:

QUESTION 39
A listed company plans to raise $350 million to finance a major expansion programme.
The cash flow projections for the programme are subject to considerable variability.
Brief details of the programme have been public knowledge for a few weeks.
The directors are considering two financing options, either a rights issue at a 20% discount to current share price or a long term bond.
The following data is relevant:

The company’s share price has fallen by 5% over the past 3 months compared with a fall in the market of 3% over the same period.
The directors favour the bond option.
However, the Chief Accountant has provided arguments for a rights issue.
Which TWO of the following arguments in favour of a right issue are correct?

QUESTION 40
An analyst has valued a company using the free cash flow valuation model.
The analyst used the following data in determining the value:
* Estimated free cashflow in 1 year’s time = $100,000
* Estimated growth in free cashflow after the first year = 5% each year indefinitely
* Appropriate cost of equity = 10%
The result produced by the analyst was as follows:
Value of equity = $100,000 (1+0.05)/0.10 = $1,050,000
The analyst made a number of errors in determining the value.
By how much has the analyst undervalued the company?

QUESTION 41
Company A is planning to acquire Company B by means of a cash offer. The directors of Company B are prepared to recommend acceptance if a bid price can be agreed. Estimates of the net present value (NPV) of future cash flows for the two companies and the combined group post acquisition have been prepared by Company A’s accountant. There are as follows:

What is the maximum price that Company A should offer for the shares in Company B?
Give your answer to the nearest $ million

QUESTION 42
Company A is planning to acquire Company B by means of a cash offer. The directors of Company B are prepared to recommend acceptance if a bid price can be agreed. Estimates of the net present value (NPV) of future cash flows for the two companies and the combined group post acquisition have been prepared by Company A’s accountant. There are as follows:

What is the maximum price that Company A should offer for the shares in Company B?
Give your answer to the nearest $ million

QUESTION 43
Company A is a large listed company, with a wide range of both institutional and private shareholders.
It is planning a takeover offer for Company B.
Company A has relatively low cash reserves and its gearing ratio of 40% is higher than most similar companies in its industry.
Which TWO of the following would be the most feasible ways of Company A structuring an offer for Company B?

QUESTION 44
A company’s dividend policy is to pay out 50% of its earnings.
Its most recent earnings per share was $0.50, and it has just paid a dividend per share of $0.25.
Currently, dividends are forecast to grow at 2% each year in perpetuity and the cost of equity is 10.5%.
In order to grow its earnings and dividends, the company is considering undertaking a new investment funded entirely by debt finance. If the investment is undertaken:
* Its cost of equity will immediately increase to 12% due to the increased finance risk.
* Its earnings and dividends will immediately commence growing at 4% each year in perpetuity.
Which of the following is the expected percentage change in the share price if the new investment is undertaken?

QUESTION 45
Company Z has identified four potential acquisition targets: companies A, B, C and D.
Company Z has a current equity market value of $580 million.
The price it would have to pay for the equity of each company is as follows:

Only one of the target companies can be acquired and the consideration will be paid in cash.
The following estimations of the new combined value of Company Z have been prepared for each acquisition before deduction of the cash consideration:
Ignoring any premium paid on acquisition, which acquisition should the directors pursue?

QUESTION 46
Company A has just announced a takeover bid for Company B.
The two companies are large companies in the same industry_ The bid is considered to be hostile.
Company B’s Board of Directors intends to try to prevent the takeover as they do not consider it to be in the best interests of shareholders Which THREE of the following are considered to be legitimate post-offer defences?